Photovoltaic Inverter – System Components

Solar energy production systems are gaining increasing popularity worldwide. Each of these systems consists of solar panels and an equally important component: a photovoltaic inverter, which allows for the utilization of the energy accumulated by the panels.

Inverters, also known as converters or inverters, can operate connected to the power grid or in standalone mode, providing power even during a grid failure. Proper selection of the type and parameters of the inverter for the solar panels enables maximum utilization of their potential and ensures the smooth operation of the entire system. The inverter converts the direct current generated by the panels into alternating current, which is further transmitted for use in the electrical installation. Such a device requires stable operation, and to achieve this, the circuit incorporates noise-reducing chokes. Toroidal compensated chokes are often used for this purpose, as well as smaller spool chokes. Inverters are divided into two main groups: transformer-based and transformerless. In the case of transformer-based inverters, there are also two types: HF (high frequency) and LF (low frequency). The difference in their construction lies in the mounting location of the transformer in the circuit – HF inverters have it at the input and operate at a frequency of 20-24kHz, while LF inverters operate at a frequency of 50Hz and have the transformer built into the output. Transformerless inverters operate over a wider voltage range and are characterized by low weight and cost. However, the absence of a transformer requires the use of advanced measurement and protection equipment.

4 Coils produces toroidal and spool chokes with customizable parameters and sells all other electronic components that form photovoltaic inverters.